People at Risk: Pregnant Women | FoodSafety.govPregnancy is one of the most important and sensitive period in the life of a woman.
Therefore, it is very important for pregnant women to eat a healthy diet.
Expecting mothers should pay attention to what they eat and make sure to avoid foods and beverages that are harmful.
certain foods should only be consumed infrequently, while others should be avoided completely.
Here are 11 foods and beverages to avoid or minimize during pregnancy.
Mercury is a highly toxic element. It has no known safe level of exposure and is most commonly found in polluted water ().
In the higher amount, can be toxic to the nervous system, your body's immune system and kidneys. It may also cause serious developmental problems in children ().
Since it was found in the sea is polluted, large sea fish can accumulate high amounts of mercury.
Therefore, pregnant women are advised to. limit consumption of no more than 1-2 servings per month (,)
fish high in mercury include:
However, it is important to note that not all fish are high in mercury -. only certain types
Consuming a low-mercury fish during pregnancy is very healthy, and these fish can eat up to 2 times per week. Fatty fish high in omega-3 fatty acids, which for your baby.
Pregnant women should not eat fish high in mercury more than 1-2 times per month. These include shark, swordfish, tuna and mackerel.
raw fish, especially shellfish, can cause some infections. It could be a virus, bacteria or parasites, such as norovirus, Vibrio, Salmonella and Listeria (,,).
Some of these infections affect only the mother, leaving him dehydrated and weak. Infections can be passed on to the unborn child with serious consequences, even fatal, (,).
Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to Listeria infection. In fact, pregnant women are up to 20 times more likely to be infected by Listeria than the general population ().
This bacterium can be found in the soil and contaminated water or crops. Materials can be infected during processing, including smoking or drying.
Listeria can be passed on to the unborn baby through the placenta even if the mother is not showing signs of illness. This can cause premature birth, miscarriage, stillbirth and other serious health problems (). Therefore
Pregnant women are advised to avoid raw fish and shellfish. It includes many sushi dishes.
raw fish and shellfish can become contaminated with bacteria and parasites. Some of these can cause adverse health effects and harm both the mother and the unborn baby.
Eating undercooked or raw meat increases the risk of infection from bacteria or parasites, including Toxoplasma, E. coli, Listeria and Salmonella (,,,).
The bacteria can threaten the health of the unborn baby, may cause stillbirth or severe neurological diseases, including intellectual disabilities, blindness and epilepsy ().
While most of the bacteria found on the surface of whole cuts of meat, other bacteria may linger in the muscle fibers
A few whole pieces of meat -. such as tenderloins, sirloins or ribeye of sheep and cattle - may be safe to eat if it is not cooked all the way through.
However, this only applies when a piece of meat whole or cut, and beyond.
Cut the meat, including meat loaf, burgers, meatloaf, pork and poultry should not be consumed raw or undercooked.
The hot dogs, luncheon meats and deli meats are also a concern. types of meat may be infected with bacteria during processing or storage.
Pregnant women should not consume products unless they have been reheated until steaming hot.
raw or undercooked meat may contain harmful bacteria. As a general rule, meat should be cooked all the way through.
Baku may be contaminated with Salmonella.
Symptoms of Salmonella infection usually only experienced by the mother and include fever, vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea (,).
However, in rare cases, the infection can cause cramps in the uterus, which cause premature birth or stillbirth ().
Foods generally contain raw eggs include:
Most commercial products containing raw eggs made with eggs pasteurized and safe for consumption. However, you should always make sure.
Pregnant women should always cook eggs thoroughly or use pasteurized eggs.
Raw eggs may be contaminated with Salmonella, which can lead to disease and increased risk of premature birth or stillbirth. Pasteurized eggs can be used instead of
Organ meat is
These include iron, vitamin B12, vitamin A and copper - .. its all good for pregnant women and children.
However, eating too much animal vitamin A (preformed vitamin A) is not recommended during pregnancy.
It may cause vitamin A toxicity, and abnormally high copper levels, which can lead to birth defects and liver toxicity (,,).
Therefore, pregnant women should not eat organ meat more than once a week.
organ meat is a source of iron, vitamin B12, vitamin A and copper. To prevent vitamin A and copper toxicity, pregnant women are advised to limit their intake of organ meat no more than once a week.
Caffeine is the most commonly used psychoactive substance in the world and is mainly found in,, soft drinks and cocoa (,).
Pregnant women are generally advised to limit them to less than 200 mg per day, or about 2-3 cups of coffee.
Caffeine is absorbed very quickly and passed easily into the placenta and fetus.
Because the unborn baby and the placenta they do not have the main enzyme needed to metabolize caffeine, high levels can build up (,,).
high caffeine intake during pregnancy has been shown to limit the growth of the fetus and increase the risk of low birth weight at delivery ()
Low birth weight -. defined as less than 5 lbs, 8 oz (or 2.5 kg) - were associated with an increased risk of infant mortality and a higher risk of chronic disease in adulthood, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease (,)
pregnant wome. n should limit their caffeine intake to 200 mg per day, which is about 2-3 cups of coffee. High caffeine intake during pregnancy can restrict fetal growth and lead to low birth weight.
Raw sprouts, including, clover, radish and mung bean sprouts may be contaminated with Salmonella ().
moist environment needed by the seeds to begin sprouting is ideal for the types of bacteria, and they are almost impossible to wash.
For this reason, pregnant women are advised to avoid raw sprouts at all. However, the sprouts are safe to eat after they have been cooked ().
raw sprouts may be contaminated with the bacteria in the seeds. Pregnant women should only eat cooked sprouts.
The surface being washed or peeled and vegetables may be contaminated with some bacteria and parasites ().
This includes Toxoplasma, E. coli, Salmonella and Listeria, which can be obtained from soil or through handling.
Contamination can occur at any time during production, harvesting, processing, storage, transportation or retail ().
The bacteria can be harmful to both the mother and the unborn baby. One very dangerous parasites that may linger in fruits and vegetables called Toxoplasma.
The majority of people get toxoplasmosis have no symptoms, while others may feel like they have the flu for a month or more.
Most babies infected with Toxoplasma while still in the womb have no symptoms at birth. However, symptoms such as blindness or intellectual disabilities can develop later in life.
What's more, some small newborns who are infected have serious eye or brain damage at birth.
While you're pregnant, it is very important to minimize the risk of infection by a thorough rinse, peel or the fruit and vegetable cooking ().
fruits and vegetables may be contaminated with harmful bacteria, including Toxoplasma. It is important to rinse all fruits and vegetables.
and unpasteurized cheese can contain a variety of harmful bacteria, including Listeria, Salmonella, E. coli, and Campylobacter.
The same thing applies for unpasteurized juices, which are also susceptible to bacterial contamination.
This infection may all have consequences for the unborn baby threatening (,,,,).
bacteria can be naturally occurring or caused by contamination during collection or storage (,).
Pasteurization is the most effective way to kill harmful bacteria, without changing the nutritional value of the product ().
to minimize the risk of infection, pregnant women are advised to consume only pasteurized, cheese and fruit juice.
pregnant women should not consume unpasteurized milk, cheese or fruit juice, because these foods increase the risk of bacterial infection.
Pregnant women are advised to completely avoid drinking, because it increases the risk of miscarriage and stillbirth. Even a small amount can have a negative impact on brain development of your baby (,,,).
It also can cause fetal alcohol syndrome, which involves facial deformities, heart defects and intellectual disabilities (,).
Because there is no level of alcohol has been proven safe during pregnancy, it is recommended to avoid it altogether.
Pregnant women should not drink alcohol. Drinking alcohol can increase the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth and fetal alcohol syndrome.
Pregnancy is a time of rapid growth.
As a result, pregnant women need to increase the amount of many essential nutrients, including, and iron
But even though you're basically eating for two, you do not need to double -. approximately 350-500 extra calories per day during the second and third trimesters should be enough ().
An optimal pregnancy diet should mainly consist of whole foods, with plenty of nutrients to meet the growing needs of the mother and child.
Processed junk foods are generally low in nutrients and high in calories and added fat.
What's more, add the sugar has been associated with the risk of dramatically increasing the development of several diseases, including type 2 diabetes and heart disease (,).
While some needed during pregnancy, being overweight is associated with many complications and diseases.
This includes increased ris k gestational diabetes, and pregnancy or birth complications. It also can increase your risk of having a child who is overweight (,).
This is a long-term cause health problems for children are overweight are more likely to become overweight adults (,,).
Eating processed foods during pregnancy may increase the risk of excess weight, gestational diabetes and complications. This may have implications for the long-term health of your child.
Proper food hygiene and preparation is always recommended, especially during pregnancy.
However, this is not always easy to do, because some of the food may have been contaminated when you bought it.
For this reason, it is best to avoid foods on this list as much as possible. Your health and that of your unborn child should take precedence
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